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For farmers› Export

Grain exports from Kazakhstan: documents, delivery terms, China

Which documents an export lot needs, how EXW, FCA, CPT and DAP differ, and what is required to supply China.

Where Kazakh wheat goes

In January–September 2026 Kazakhstan exported 6.1 million t of wheat, 15% more than a year earlier. The main buyers:Uzbekistan(3.8 million t), Tajikistan (1 million t), Afghanistan (663 thousand t) and Iran. Since the start of the 2026/27 season, 373 thousand t of grain has been shipped to China.

Core document package

  • Export contract: crop, class and quality parameters, basis, price and currency, payment terms, quality acceptance, arbitration. A contract worth more than USD 50,000 (or equivalent) is registered with a bank, which assigns it a registration number. After that, the deadlines for repatriating proceeds must be met.
  • Phytosanitary certificate: the public service “Issuing a phytosanitary certificate for exporting quarantine-regulated products from Kazakhstan” is described on egov.kz. The certificate is issued after phytosanitary inspection of the lot; the procedure and timelines are given on the service page.
  • Certificate of origin: ST-1 for CIS countries; for other countries, Form A or the general form if the buyer or importing country requires them. As of 2014, certificates were issued by a centre under the Atameken National Chamber of Entrepreneurs. Check the current issuer with your regional chamber of entrepreneurs.
  • Goods declaration: customs clearance for export, usually through a customs broker.
  • Quality certificatefrom an accredited laboratory, transport documents (SMGS rail waybill or CMR) and an e-invoice.

Delivery terms (Incoterms 2020)

  • EXW: the seller makes the goods available at its own warehouse or elevator. The buyer handles transport and export clearance. For a farmer this is the simplest option, but it fetches the lowest price.
  • FCA: the seller hands the goods to the buyer's carrier at an agreed place, such as a railway station, and clears them for export. Risk passes to the buyer at handover.
  • CPT: the seller pays for carriage to the destination, but risk passes to the buyer as soon as the goods are handed to the first carrier.
  • DAP: the seller delivers the goods to the agreed place and bears the risk until arrival; unloading is not included. This is the most expensive and risky basis for the seller.

China's requirements

  • Supplies follow phytosanitary protocols between the Ministry of Agriculture of Kazakhstan and the General Administration of Customs of China (GACC). Protocols have been signed for wheat, barley, corn, flax and a number of other crops.
  • Exporters and elevators must be listed in theGACC register. Lists are submitted under the guarantee of the Ministry of Agriculture of Kazakhstan and published on the GACC website. As of 2023, the register included 1,718 Kazakh companies across various product types.
  • The lot must meet the protocol's quarantine requirements and pass inspection at the border.
  • Since September 2026 the China–Kazakhstan electronic grain platform (ckt.grainmarket.com.cn), set up with the participation of the Food Contract Corporation, has been operating. Registration is free and settlements are in yuan.

Important

  • Kazakhstan periodically imposes export restrictions (for example, quotas on wheat and flour in 2022). Check the current Ministry of Agriculture orders before a deal.
  • The Food Contract Corporation partly reimburses exporters' transport costs: KZT 30 billion is budgeted for 2026. The programme has been extended for the 2026–2027 season.